|
[[Súbor:Basketball.png|right|thumb|Lopta na [[basketbal]]]]
[[Súbor:Generic football.png|right|thumb|Lopta na [[futbal]]]]
[[Súbor:Palla da Rugby.jpg|right|thumb|Lopta na [[ragby]]]]
[[Súbor:Jakarta old football.jpg|thumb|Stará futbalová lopta, [[Jakarta]]]]
'''Lopta''' je guľatý predmet používaný v mnohých [[šport]]och a [[hra|hrách]]. Je obvykle vyrobený z kože, gumy alebo plastickej hmoty. Lopty sú väčšinou duté, naplnené stlačeným [[vzduch]]om. Na plnenie lopty vzduchom sa používa pumpička. Lopty môžu byť aj v tvare šišky (iba v niektorých prípadoch), alebo môžu byť vyplnené ([[medicinbal]]om).
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Deti v minulosti používali ako náhradu lopty '''hadrák'''. Je to lopta vyrobená zo starej punčochy a vyplnenej handry. Futbalová lopta sa niekedy nazýva '''balón'''.
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V niektorých športoch sa používajú guľaté predmety vyrobené z [[kov]]u, [[drevo|dreva]] alebo pevné umelé hmoty. V takých prípadoch obvykle hovoríme o [[guľa|guli]] (napr. [[biliard]]).
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Lopty boli využívané k hrám už v staroveku v [[Egypt]]e, [[Grécko|Grécku]] a [[Rím]]e, [[Aztékovia|Aztékmi]] a [[Stredná Amerika|Strednej Amerike]]. Počas storočí sa vyvinulo nesčíselné množstvo rôznych [[loptová hra|loptových hier]].
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{| class=wikitable
.project {
! Hra, lopta
-webkit-transition: width 1s cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940);
! Hmotnosť v gramoch
-moz-transition: width 1s cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940);
! Obvod v cm
-ms-transition: width 1s cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940);
|-----
-o-transition: width 1s cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940);
| [[Baseball]] || 142 – 149 || 22,9 – 23,5
transition: width 1s cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940); /* easeOutQuad */
|-----
| [[Basketbal]] || 600 – 650 || 75 – 80
|-----
| [[Plážový volejbal]] || 260 – 280 || 66 – 68
|-----
| [[Futbal]] || 396 – 453 || 68 – 71
|-----
| [[Golf]] || 45 – 48
| 12,6
|-----
| [[Hádzaná]] || 400 – 500 || 48 – 60
|-----
| [[Ľadový hokej|Hokej]] || 156 – 163 || 23,0 – 23,5
|-----
| [[Kriket]] || 156 – 163 || 22
|-----
| [[Medicinbal]] || 1500 – 3000 || 110
|-----
| [[Rugby]]|| 360 – 425 || ---
|-----
| [[Tenis]] || 56,5 – 58,5 || 20 – 41
|-----
| [[Stolný tenis]] || 2,4 – 2,5 || 11,4 – 12,1
|-----
| [[Volejbal]] || 260 – 280 || 65 – 67
|-----
| [[Vodné pólo]] || 400 – 450 || 68 – 71
|}
== Iné projekty ==
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[[Kategória:Športová terminológia]]
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